数据库安装教程：CentOS7下Oracle19c rpm安装过程

一. 环境配置

​虚拟机安装建议分2G内存，30G硬盘。

关闭防火墙（或放行相关端口）

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

关闭selinux

修改SELINUX=disabled

vi /etc/selinux/config

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing – SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive – SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled – No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values:
#     targeted – Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum – Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
#     mls – Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

重启

reboot

将oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm和oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm上传到/opt下

二. 依赖安装

安装oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

yum -y localinstall /opt/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

三. 安装配置Oracle 19c

安装Oracle 19c

yum -y localinstall /opt/oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

初始化Oracle数据库（时间较长）

/etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure

配置环境变量

却换到oracle用户

su – oracle

添加环境变量

vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

export PATH

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
export PATH=$PATH:/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin
export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB

使环境变量生效

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

登陆数据库

sqlplus / as sysdba

修改system密码为123456

alter user system identified by 123456;

退出数据库

exit;

四. 设置数据库监听自启动

修改/etc/oratab文件N为Y

vi /etc/oratab

# This file is used by ORACLE utilities.  It is created by root.sh
# and updated by either Database Configuration Assistant while creating
# a database or ASM Configuration Assistant while creating ASM instance.

# A colon, ‘:’, is used as the field terminator.  A new line terminates
# the entry.  Lines beginning with a pound sign, ‘#’, are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
#   $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
#
# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
# directory of the database respectively.  The third field indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the database should , “Y”, or should not,
# “N”, be brought up at system boot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
#
#
ORCLCDB:/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1:Y

在/etc/rc.local中添加需执行的命令

su root # 却换为root用户
vi /etc/rc.local

#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
#
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.

touch /var/lock/subsys/local

su - oracle -c 'lsnrctl start'
su - oracle -c 'dbstart'

修改$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart文件，修改ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

vi $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart 文件局部

...
#####################################

LOGMSG="logger -puser.alert -s "

trap 'exit' 1 2 3

# for script tracing
case $ORACLE_TRACE in
  T) set -x ;;
esac

# Set path if path not set (if called from /etc/rc)
SAVE_PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:${PATH} ; export PATH
SAVE_LLP=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

# First argument is used to bring up Oracle Net Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ]; then
  echo "Since ORACLE_HOME is not set, cannot auto-start Oracle Net Listener."
  echo "Usage: $0 ORACLE_HOME"
else
...

设置CentOS7，8开机执行/etc/rc.local文件（CentOS7，8开机不执行/etc/rc.local文件）

给 /etc/rc.d/rc.local 添加 可执行权限

chmod a+x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

将 rc-local 服务设置成开机启动（默认状态是 static，会被其他service服务调用执行。不过还是修改一下，以防那个服务被停用就牵连了）

systemctl enable rc-local

重启，用sqldeveloper链接，验证是否成功

reboot

删除/opt下oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm和oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rm /opt/oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm /opt/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

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