Oracle 视图 DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL 官方解释，作用，如何使用详细说明

OS_USERNAME

VARCHAR2(255)

Operating system login username of the user whose actions were audited

USERNAME

VARCHAR2(128)

Name (not ID number) of the user whose actions were audited

USERHOST

VARCHAR2(128)

Client host machine name

TERMINAL

VARCHAR2(255)

Identifier of the user’s terminal

TIMESTAMP

DATE

Date and time of the creation of the audit trail entry (date and time of user login for entries created by AUDIT SESSION) in the local database session time zone

OWNER

VARCHAR2(128)

Creator of the object affected by the action

OBJ_NAME

VARCHAR2(128)

Name of the object affected by the action

ACTION

NUMBER

NOT NULL

Numeric action type code. The corresponding name of the action type is in the ACTION_NAME column.

ACTION_NAME

VARCHAR2(28)

Name of the action type corresponding to the numeric code in the ACTION column

NEW_OWNER

VARCHAR2(128)

Owner of the object named in the NEW_NAME column

NEW_NAME

VARCHAR2(128)

New name of the object after a RENAME or the name of the underlying object

OBJ_PRIVILEGE

VARCHAR2(32)

Object privileges granted or revoked by a GRANT or REVOKE statement. The value of this column is a 32-character string of Y and dash (-) characters. Each character corresponds to a numbered privilege in the following list. The left-most character corresponds to privilege 0, the next character corresponds to privilege 1, and so on. The right-most character corresponds to privilege 31.

• 0 – ALTER
• 1 – AUDIT
• 2 – COMMENT
• 3 – DELETE
• 4 – GRANT
• 5 – INDEX
• 6 – INSERT
• 7 – LOCK
• 8 – CREATE
• 9 – SELECT
• 10 – UPDATE
• 11 – REFERENCES
• 12 – EXECUTE
• 13 – VIEW
• 14 – DROP
• 15 – ANALYZE
• 16 – CREATE
• 17 – READ
• 18 – WRITE
• 19 – KEEP SEQUENCE
• 20 – ENQUEUE
• 21 – DEQUEUE
• 22 – UNDER
• 23 – ON COMMIT
• 24 – REWRITE
• 25 – UPSERT
• 26 – DEBUG
• 27 – FLASHBACK
• 28 – MERGE
• 29 – USE
• 30 – FLASHBACK ARCHIVE
• 31 – DIRECTORY EXECUTE

A Y indicates that the privilege was granted or revoked by the statement. A dash indicates that the privilege was not affected by the statement. For example, the following value indicates that the MERGE privilege was granted or revoked by the statement:

----------------------------Y---

SYS_PRIVILEGE

VARCHAR2(40)

System privileges granted or revoked by a GRANT or REVOKE statement

ADMIN_OPTION

VARCHAR2(1)

Indicates whether the role or system privilege was granted with the ADMIN option

GRANTEE

VARCHAR2(128)

Name of the grantee specified in a GRANT or REVOKE statement

AUDIT_OPTION

VARCHAR2(40)

Auditing option set with the AUDIT statement

SES_ACTIONS

VARCHAR2(19)

Session summary (a string of 16 characters, one for each action type in the order ALTER, AUDIT, COMMENT, DELETE, GRANT, INDEX, INSERT, LOCK, RENAME, SELECT, UPDATE, REFERENCES, and EXECUTE). Positions 14, 15, and 16 are reserved for future use. The characters are:

• - – None

• S – Success

• F – Failure

• B – Both

LOGOFF_TIME

DATE

Date and time of user log off

LOGOFF_LREAD

NUMBER

Logical reads for the session

LOGOFF_PREAD

NUMBER

Physical reads for the session

LOGOFF_LWRITE

NUMBER

Logical writes for the session

LOGOFF_DLOCK

VARCHAR2(40)

Deadlocks detected during the session

COMMENT_TEXT

VARCHAR2(4000)

Text comment on the audit trail entry, providing more information about the statement audited

Also indicates how the user or remote call was authenticated. The method can be one of the following:

• DATABASE – Authentication was done by password

• NETWORK – Authentication was done by Oracle Net Services or strong authentication

• PROXY – Client was authenticated by another user; the name of the proxy user follows the method type

When an object is accessed remotely over a database link, the COMMENT_TEXT column also captures the information about the database link. For example:

DBLINK_INFO: (SOURCE_GLOBAL_NAME=view02.regress.rdbms.dev.us.example.com, 
DBLINK_NAME=VIEW05_LINK.REGRESS.RDBMS.DEV.US.EXAMPLE.COM, 
SOURCE_AUDIT_SESSIONID=250805)

SESSIONID

NUMBER

NOT NULL

Numeric ID for each Oracle session. Each user session gets a unique session ID.

ENTRYID

NUMBER

NOT NULL

Numeric ID for each audit trail entry in the session. The entry ID is an index of a session’s audit entries that starts at 1 and increases to the number of entries that are written.

STATEMENTID

NUMBER

NOT NULL

nth statement in the user session. The first SQL statement gets a value of 1 and the value is incremented for each subsequent SQL statement. Note that one SQL statement can create more than one audit trail entry (for example, when more than one object is audited from the same SQL statement), and in this case the statement ID remains the same for that statement and the entry ID increases for each audit trail entry created by the statement.

RETURNCODE

NUMBER

NOT NULL

Oracle error code generated by the action. Some useful values:

• 0 – Action succeeded

• 2004 – Security violation

PRIV_USED

VARCHAR2(40)

System privilege used to execute the action

CLIENT_ID

VARCHAR2(128)

Client identifier in each Oracle session

ECONTEXT_ID

VARCHAR2(64)

Application execution context identifier

SESSION_CPU

NUMBER

Amount of CPU time used by each Oracle session (in centiseconds)

EXTENDED_TIMESTAMP

TIMESTAMP(6) WITH TIME ZONE

Timestamp of the creation of the audit trail entry (timestamp of user login for entries created by AUDIT SESSION) in UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) time zone

PROXY_SESSIONID

NUMBER

Proxy session serial number, if an enterprise user has logged in through the proxy mechanism

GLOBAL_UID

VARCHAR2(32)

Global user identifier for the user, if the user has logged in as an enterprise user

INSTANCE_NUMBER

NUMBER

Instance number as specified by the INSTANCE_NUMBER initialization parameter

OS_PROCESS

VARCHAR2(16)

Operating System process identifier of the Oracle process

TRANSACTIONID

RAW(8)

Transaction identifier of the transaction in which the object is accessed or modified

SCN

NUMBER

System change number (SCN) of the creation of the audit trail entry

SQL_BIND

NVARCHAR2(2000)

Bind variable data of the query

SQL_TEXT

NVARCHAR2(2000)

SQL text of the query

OBJ_EDITION_NAME

VARCHAR2(128)

Name of the edition containing the audited object

DBID

NUMBER

Database identifier of the audited database

RLS_INFO

CLOB

Stores virtual private database (VPD) policy names and predicates separated by delimiter.

To format the output into individual rows, use the DBMS_AUDIT_UTIL.DECODE_RLS_INFO_ATRAIL_STD function.

CURRENT_USER

VARCHAR2(128)

Effective user for the statement execution