CentOS7.5使用mysql_multi方式安装MySQL5.7.28多实例(详解)
因使用源码安装的MySQL5.7.28多实例，在导入数据库时会出现问题，所以重新研究使用mysql_multi的方法来管理多实例，经过测试环境验证之后，在各方面使用上特别在备份还原上，没有报MySQL5.7.28多实例的问题，踩了不少坑，这里我将我的部署过程分享下，如果在哪里出问题的，还请多多指正与指导，谢谢！！
参考文章：Centos7.5安装mysql5.7.24二进制包方式部署
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本从就直接从2.7章节开始安装mysql多实例，具体部署过程如下：
2.7 安装mysql多实例
2.7.1. 创建软件安装目录(部署路径请根据实际修改)
[root@~]# mkdir -pv /data/mysql/{3306,3307}
[root@~]# mkdir -v /data/mysql/3306/{logs,data,binlog}
[root@~]# mkdir -v /data/mysql/3307/{logs,data,binlog}
2.7.2. MySQL安装包下载
[root@~]# cd /opt
[root@~]# wget -c https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@~]# tar zxvf mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@~]# mv mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
[root@~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data
2.7.3. MySQL参数配置
配置my.cnf参数文件
（1）server_id=3306与server_id=3307数值请根据实际配置，注意配置的id值与局域网内其他各实例所配置的数值不可以冲突；
（2）max_connections=1000配置MySQL数据库的最大连接数，根据实际需要配置，其他参数的优化根据实际需要修改或添
加；
（3）配置文件全部内容如下
[root@~]# vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld_multi] mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin log = /data/mysql/mysqld_multi.log #user=root #pass= [mysql] prompt="\u@jsshapp \R:\m:\s [\d]> " no-auto-rehash [mysqld3306] user = mysql port = 3306 symbolic-links = 0 #basedir = /usr/ datadir = /data/mysql/3306/data socket = /data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock pid-file = /data/mysql/3306/mysqld3306.pid server_id = 3306 character_set_server = utf8 max_connections = 1000 skip_name_resolve = 1 open_files_limit = 65536 thread_cache_size = 64 table_open_cache = 4096 table_definition_cache = 1024 table_open_cache_instances = 64 max_prepared_stmt_count = 1048576 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true log_timestamps = system binlog_format = row log_bin = /data/mysql/3306/binlog/mysql-bin binlog_rows_query_log_events = on expire_logs_days = 7 binlog_cache_size = 4M max_binlog_cache_size = 2G max_binlog_size = 1G sync_binlog = 1 log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1 slow_query_log = on slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/3306/data/slow.log log-error = /data/mysql/3306/logs/error.log log_queries_not_using_indexes = on long_query_time = 1.000000 gtid_mode = on enforce_gtid_consistency = on default_storage_engine = innodb default_tmp_storage_engine = innodb innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend:max:2000M innodb_temp_data_file_path = ibtmp1:12M:autoextend:max:2000M innodb_buffer_pool_filename = ib_buffer_pool innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 1024M innodb_open_files = 4096 innodb_page_size = 16k innodb_thread_concurrency = 0 innodb_read_io_threads = 4 innodb_write_io_threads = 4 innodb_purge_threads = 4 innodb_page_cleaners = 4 innodb_print_all_deadlocks = on innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 20 innodb_spin_wait_delay = 128 innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2 innodb_io_capacity = 200 innodb_io_capacity_max = 2000 #innodb_flush_neighbors = innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_flush_log_at_timeout = 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 4 autocommit = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 25 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = ON innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = ON [mysqld3307] user = mysql port = 3307 symbolic-links = 0 lower_case_table_names = 1 #basedir = /usr/ datadir = /data/mysql/3307/data socket = /data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock pid-file = /data/mysql/3307/mysqld3307.pid server_id = 3307 character_set_server = utf8 max_connections = 1000 skip_name_resolve = 1 open_files_limit = 65536 thread_cache_size = 64 table_open_cache = 4096 table_definition_cache = 1024 table_open_cache_instances = 64 max_prepared_stmt_count = 1048576 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true log_timestamps = system binlog_format = row log_bin = /data/mysql/3307/binlog/mysql-bin binlog_rows_query_log_events = on expire_logs_days = 7 binlog_cache_size = 4M max_binlog_cache_size = 2G max_binlog_size = 1G sync_binlog = 1 slow_query_log = on slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/3307/data/slow.log log-error = /data/mysql/3307/logs/error.log log_queries_not_using_indexes = on long_query_time = 1.000000 gtid_mode = on enforce_gtid_consistency = on default_storage_engine = innodb default_tmp_storage_engine = innodb innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend:max:2000M innodb_temp_data_file_path = ibtmp1:12M:autoextend:max:2000M innodb_buffer_pool_filename = ib_buffer_pool innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 1024M innodb_open_files = 4096 innodb_page_size = 16k innodb_thread_concurrency = 0 innodb_read_io_threads = 4 innodb_write_io_threads = 4 innodb_purge_threads = 4 innodb_page_cleaners = 4 innodb_print_all_deadlocks = on innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 20 innodb_spin_wait_delay = 128 innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2 innodb_io_capacity = 200 innodb_io_capacity_max = 2000 #innodb_flush_neighbors = innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_flush_log_at_timeout = 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 4 autocommit = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 25 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = ON innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = ON [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32M
2.7.4. 配置MySQL环境变量
[root@~]# echo ‘export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH’ >> /etc/profile
[root@~]# tail -1 /etc/profile
[root@~]# source /etc/profile
2.7.5. testone实例初始化
操作实例初始化
[root@~]# mysqld –defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf –initialize –basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ –user=mysql –datadir=/data/mysql/3306/data/ > /tmp/3306.log 2>&1
[root@~]# tail -100f /tmp/3306.log
—使用tail命令查看初始化日志，有出现如下内容，即表示初始化完成（其中#5+t+xYW+<t?即为root用户的临时密码）
A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: #5+t+xYW+<t?
生成ssl文件
[root@~]# mysql_ssl_rsa_setup –user=mysql –basedir=/usr/local/mysql –datadir=/data/mysql/3306/data
启动testone实例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi start 3306
[root@~]# tail -100f /data/mysql/3306/logs/error.log
—-使用tail命令查看启动日志，有出现即表示启动成功
Version: ‘5.7.28-log’ socket: ‘/data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock’ port: 3306 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
修改root密码
[root@~]# less /tmp/3306.log | grep ‘A temporary password’
[root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock
Enter password:
mysql> alter user ‘root’@’localhost’ identified by ‘统一密码’;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit;
验证 testone root用户统一密码（界面正常输出information_schema内容表示正常）
[root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock -e “show databases;” | grep information_schema
Enter password:
修改my.cnf配置文件，将修改的统一密码，添加到配置文件中
[root@~]# sed -i “s@^#user=root@user=root@g” /etc/my.cnf
[root@~]# sed -i “s@^#pass=@pass=统一密码@g” /etc/my.cnf
[root@~]# cat /etc/my.cnf | grep pass= —使用cat命令查看配置文件pass字段输出的结果是否一致
停止testone实例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi stop 3306
[root@~]# netstat -tnlp|grep 3306 —输入结果为空表示服务停止正常
2.7.6. testtwo实例初始化
操作实例初始化
[root@~]# mysqld –defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf –initialize –basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ –user=mysql –datadir=/data/mysql/3307/data/ > /tmp/3307.log 2>&1
[root@~]# tail -100f /tmp/3307.log
—使用tail命令查看初始化日志，有出现如下内容，即表示初始化完成（其中-pn>t;Ye)Ay6=I即为root用户的临时密码）
A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: -pn>t;Ye)Ay6=I
生成ssl文件
[root@~]# mysql_ssl_rsa_setup –user=mysql –basedir=/usr/local/mysql –datadir=/data/mysql/3307/data
启动testwo实例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi start 3307
—-使用tail命令查看启动日志，有出现即表示启动成功
[root@~]# tail -100f /data/mysql/3307/logs/error.log
Version: ‘5.7.28-log’ socket: ‘/data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock’ port: 3307 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
修改root密码
[root@~]# less /tmp/3307.log|grep ‘A temporary password’
[root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock
Enter password:
mysql> alter user ‘root’@’localhost’ identified by ‘统一密码’;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit;
验证 testtwo root用户统一密码（界面正常输出information_schema内容表示正常）
[root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock -e “show databases;” | grep information_schema
Enter password:
停止testtwo实例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi stop 3307
[root@~]# netstat -tnlp|grep 3307 —输入结果为空表示服务停止正常
2.7.7. mysqld_multi多实例管理命令
启动全部实例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi start
停止单个实例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi stop 3306
[root@~]# mysqld_multi stop 3307
启动单个实例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi start 3306
[root@~]# mysqld_multi start 3307
查看全部实例的状态(is running)
[root@~]# mysqld_multi report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3307 is running
查看单个实例状态
[root@~]# mysqld_multi report 3306
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is running
[root@~]# mysqld_multi report 3307
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld3307 is running
停止全部实例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi stop
2.7.8. 数据导入
（1）将待导入的数据库脚本（test.sql、testtwo.sql）文件（名称根据实际情况操作）上传至/data/路径下
（2）使用命令确认两实例已经处于运行状态
[root@~]# mysqld_multi report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3307 is running
（3）进入testone的mysql数据库创建testone数据库实例、用户名及密码并导入数据
[root@~]# cd /data/
[root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock
Enter password:
mysql>create database testone default character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
mysql> grant select,insert,update,delete,create,alter,execute on testone.* to ‘testone’@’%’ identified by ‘密码’;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit
[root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock testone < /data/test.sql
（3）进入testtwo的mysql数据库，创建testtwo服务数据库实例、用户名与密码并导入数据
[root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock
Enter password:
mysql> create database testtwo default character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
mysql> grant select,insert,update,delete,create,alter,execute on testtwo.* to ‘testtwo’@’%’ identified by ‘密码’;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit
[root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock testtwo < /data/testtwo.sql
2.7.9. 防火墙配置
根据实际要求，添加开放端口
[root@~]# firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-port=3306/tcp –permanent
[root@~]# firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-port=3307/tcp –permanent
重新载入
[root@~]# firewall-cmd --reload
总结
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的CentOS7.5使用mysql_multi方式安装MySQL5.7.28多实例，大家如有疑问可以留言，或者联系站长。感谢亲们支持！！！如果你觉得本文对你有帮助，欢迎转载，烦请注明出处，谢谢！
