SQL如何实现MYSQL的递归查询

众所周知,目前的mysql版本中并不支持直接的递归查询,但是通过递归到迭代转化的思路,还是可以在一句SQL内实现树的递归查询的。这个得益于Mysql允许在SQL语句内使用@变量。以下是示例代码。

创建表格

CREATE TABLE `treenodes` (
`id` int , — 节点ID
`nodename` varchar (60), — 节点名称
`pid` int — 节点父ID
);

插入测试数据

INSERT INTO `treenodes` (`id`, `nodename`, `pid`) VALUES
(‘1′,’A’,’0′),(‘2′,’B’,’1′),(‘3′,’C’,’1′),
(‘4′,’D’,’2′),(‘5′,’E’,’2′),(‘6′,’F’,’3′),
(‘7′,’G’,’6′),(‘8′,’H’,’0′),(‘9′,’I’,’8′),
(’10’,’J’,’8′),(’11’,’K’,’8′),(’12’,’L’,’9′),
(’13’,’M’,’9′),(’14’,’N’,’12’),(’15’,’O’,’12’),
(’16’,’P’,’15’),(’17’,’Q’,’15’),(’18’,’R’,’3′),
(’19’,’S’,’2′),(’20’,’T’,’6′),(’21’,’U’,’8′);

查询语句

SELECT id AS ID,pid AS 父ID ,levels AS 父到子之间级数, paths AS 父到子路径 FROM (
SELECT id,pid,
@le:= IF (pid = 0 ,0,
IF( LOCATE( CONCAT(‘|’,pid,’:’),@pathlevel) > 0 ,
SUBSTRING_INDEX( SUBSTRING_INDEX(@pathlevel,CONCAT(‘|’,pid,’:’),-1),’|’,1) +1
,@le+1) ) levels
, @pathlevel:= CONCAT(@pathlevel,’|’,id,’:’, @le ,’|’) pathlevel
, @pathnodes:= IF( pid =0,’,0′,
CONCAT_WS(‘,’,
IF( LOCATE( CONCAT(‘|’,pid,’:’),@pathall) > 0 ,
SUBSTRING_INDEX( SUBSTRING_INDEX(@pathall,CONCAT(‘|’,pid,’:’),-1),’|’,1)
,@pathnodes ) ,pid ) )paths
,@pathall:=CONCAT(@pathall,’|’,id,’:’, @pathnodes ,’|’) pathall
FROM treenodes,
(SELECT @le:=0,@pathlevel:=”, @pathall:=”,@pathnodes:=”) vv
ORDER BY pid,id
) src
ORDER BY id

最后的结果如下:

    ID   父ID    父到子之间级数  父到子路径
——    ——     ——————–    ——————- 
     1       0              0                     ,0            
     2       1              1                     ,0,1          
     3       1              1                     ,0,1          
     4       2              2                     ,0,1,2        
     5       2              2                     ,0,1,2        
     6       3              2                     ,0,1,3        
     7       6              3                     ,0,1,3,6      
     8       0              0                     ,0            
     9       8              1                     ,0,8          
    10       8             1                     ,0,8          
    11       8             1                     ,0,8          
    12       9             2                     ,0,8,9        
    13       9             2                     ,0,8,9        
    14      12            3                      ,0,8,9,12     
    15      12            3                     ,0,8,9,12     
    16      15            4                     ,0,8,9,12,15  
    17      15            4                     ,0,8,9,12,15  
    18       3            2                      ,0,1,3        
    19       2            2                      ,0,1,2        
    20       6            3                      ,0,1,3,6      
    21       8            1                      ,0,8      

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数据运维技术 » SQL如何实现MYSQL的递归查询