有关数据库SQL递归查询在不同数据库中的实现方法
本文给大家介绍有关数据库SQL递归查询在不同数据库中的实现方法,具体内容请看下文。
比如表结构数据如下:
Table:Tree
ID Name ParentId
1 一级 0
2 二级 1
3 三级 2
4 四级 3
SQL SERVER 2005查询方法:
//上查
with tmpTree
as
(
select * from Tree where Id=2
union all
select p.* from tmpTree inner join Tree p on p.Id=tmpTree.ParentId
)
select * from tmpTree
//下查
with tmpTree
as
(
select * from Tree where Id=2
union all
select s.* from tmpTree inner join Tree s on s.ParentId=tmpTree.Id
)
select * from tmpTree
SQL SERVER 2008及以后版本,还可用如下方法:
增加一列TID,类型设为:hierarchyid(这个是CLR类型,表示层级),且取消ParentId字段,变成如下:(表名为:Tree2)
TId Id Name
0x 1 一级
0x58 2 二级
0x5B40 3 三级
0x5B5E 4 四级
查询方法:
SELECT *,TId.GetLevel() as [level] FROM Tree2 –获取所有层级
DECLARE @ParentTree hierarchyid
SELECT @ParentTree=TId FROM Tree2 WHERE Id=2
SELECT *,TId.GetLevel()AS [level] FROM Tree2 WHERE TId.IsDescendantOf(@ParentTree)=1 –获取指定的节点所有下级
DECLARE @ChildTree hierarchyid
SELECT @ChildTree=TId FROM Tree2 WHERE Id=3
SELECT *,TId.GetLevel()AS [level] FROM Tree2 WHERE @ChildTree.IsDescendantOf(TId)=1 –获取指定的节点所有上级
ORACLE中的查询方法:
SELECT *
FROM Tree
START WITH Id=2
CONNECT BY PRIOR ID=ParentId –下查
SELECT *
FROM Tree
START WITH Id=2
CONNECT BY ID= PRIOR ParentId –上查
MYSQL 中的查询方法:
//定义一个依据ID查询所有父ID为这个指定的ID的字符串列表,以逗号分隔
CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` FUNCTION `getChildLst`(rootId int,direction int) RETURNS varchar(1000) CHARSET utf8
BEGIN
DECLARE sTemp VARCHAR(5000);
DECLARE sTempChd VARCHAR(1000);
SET sTemp = ‘$’;
IF direction=1 THEN
SET sTempChd =cast(rootId as CHAR);
ELSEIF direction=2 THEN
SELECT cast(ParentId as CHAR) into sTempChd FROM Tree WHERE Id=rootId;
END IF;
WHILE sTempChd is not null DO
SET sTemp = concat(sTemp,’,’,sTempChd);
SELECT group_concat(id) INTO sTempChd FROM Tree where (direction=1 and FIND_IN_SET(ParentId,sTempChd)>0)
or (direction=2 and FIND_IN_SET(Id,sTempChd)>0);
END WHILE;
RETURN sTemp;
END
//查询方法:
select * from tree where find_in_set(id,getChildLst(1,1));–下查
select * from tree where find_in_set(id,getChildLst(1,2));–上查
补充说明:上面这个方法在下查是没有问题,但在上查时会出现问题,原因在于我的逻辑写错了,存在死循环,现已修正,新的方法如下:
CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` FUNCTION `getChildLst`(rootId int,direction int) RETURNS varchar(1000) CHARSET utf8 BEGIN DECLARE sTemp VARCHAR(5000); DECLARE sTempChd VARCHAR(1000); SET sTemp = '$'; SET sTempChd =cast(rootId as CHAR); IF direction=1 THEN WHILE sTempChd is not null DO SET sTemp = concat(sTemp,',',sTempChd); SELECT group_concat(id) INTO sTempChd FROM Tree where FIND_IN_SET(ParentId,sTempChd)>0; END WHILE; ELSEIF direction=2 THEN WHILE sTempChd is not null DO SET sTemp = concat(sTemp,',',sTempChd); SELECT group_concat(ParentId) INTO sTempChd FROM Tree where FIND_IN_SET(Id,sTempChd)>0; END WHILE; END IF; RETURN sTemp; END
这样递归查询就很方便了。