超级有用的15个mysqlbinlog命令
当你需要恢复MySQL时,也会需要使用到二进制日志文件。
mysqlbinlog 命令,以用户可视的方式展示出二进制日志中的内容。同时,也可以将其中的内容读取出来,供其他MySQL实用程序使用。
在此示例中,我们将会涉及以下内容:
- 获取当前二进制日志列表
- mysqlbinlog默认行为
- 获取特定数据库条目
- 禁止恢复过程产生日志
- 在输出中控制base-64 BINLOG
- mysqlbinlog输出调试信息
- 跳过前N个条目
- 保存输出到文件
- 从一个特定位置提取条目
- 将条目截止到一个特定的位置
- 刷新日志以清除Binlog输出
- 在输出中只显示语句
- 查看特定开始时间的条目
- 查看特定结束时间的条目
- 从远程服务器获取二进制日志
1 获取当前二进制日志列表
mysql> SHOW BINARY LOGS;
+———————-+———-+
| Log_name | File_size |
+————————–+————+
| mysqld-bin.000001 | 15740 |
| mysqld-bin.000002 | 3319 |
..
..
+———————-+———-+
| Log_name | File_size |
+————————–+————+
| mysqld-bin.000001 | 15740 |
| mysqld-bin.000002 | 3319 |
..
..
8
|
. |
mysql> SHOW BINARY LOGS;
ERROR 1381 (HY000): You are not using binary logging
ERROR 1381 (HY000): You are not using binary logging
2
|
logging |
$ ls -l /var/lib/mysql/
-rw-rw—-. 1 mysql mysql 15740 Aug 28 14:57 mysqld-bin.000001
-rw-rw—-. 1 mysql mysql 3319 Aug 28 14:57 mysqld-bin.000002
..
..
-rw-rw—-. 1 mysql mysql 15740 Aug 28 14:57 mysqld-bin.000001
-rw-rw—-. 1 mysql mysql 3319 Aug 28 14:57 mysqld-bin.000002
..
..
5
|
. |
2 mysqlbinlog 默认行为
$ mysqlbinlog mysqld-bin.000001
1
|
000001 |
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/; DELIMITER /*!*/;# at 4#170726 14:57:37 server id 1 end_log_pos 106 Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.1.73-log created 170726 14:57:37 at startup# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
BINLOG ‘ IeZ4WQ8BAAAAZgAAAGoAAAABAAQANS4xLjczLWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAh5nhZEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAUwAEGggAAAAICAgC ‘/*!*/;
# at 106
#170726 14:59:31 server id 1 end_log_pos 182 Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1501095571/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=2/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=1, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C latin1 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=8,@@session.collation_connection=8,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/;
..
..
..
# at 14191
#170726 15:20:38 server id 1 end_log_pos 14311 Query thread_id=4 exec_time=0 error_code=0SET TIMESTAMP=1501096838/*!*/;
insert into salary(name,dept) values(‘Ritu’, ‘Accounting’)/*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
BINLOG ‘ IeZ4WQ8BAAAAZgAAAGoAAAABAAQANS4xLjczLWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAh5nhZEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAUwAEGggAAAAICAgC ‘/*!*/;
# at 106
#170726 14:59:31 server id 1 end_log_pos 182 Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1501095571/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=2/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=1, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C latin1 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=8,@@session.collation_connection=8,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/;
..
..
..
# at 14191
#170726 15:20:38 server id 1 end_log_pos 14311 Query thread_id=4 exec_time=0 error_code=0SET TIMESTAMP=1501096838/*!*/;
insert into salary(name,dept) values(‘Ritu’, ‘Accounting’)/*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*
22
|
OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE* |
3 获取特定数据库条目
$ mysqlbinlog -d crm mysqld-bin.000001 > crm-events.txt
1
|
txt |
$ mysqlbinlog -database crm mysqld-bin.000001 > crm-events.txt
1
|
txt |
4 禁止恢复过程产生日志
$ mysqlbinlog -D mysqld-bin.000001
1
|
000001 |
$ mysqlbinlog –disable-log-bin mysqld-bin.000001
1
|
000001 |
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
/*!32316 SET @OLD_SQL_LOG_BIN=@@SQL_LOG_BIN, SQL_LOG_BIN=0*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
/*!32316 SET @OLD_SQL_LOG_BIN=@@SQL_LOG_BIN, SQL_LOG_BIN=0*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
3
|
; |
当使用-to-last-log选项时,这个选项也会有所帮助。另外,请记住,该命令需要root权限来执行。
5 在输出中控制base-64 BINLOG
- never
- always
- decode-rows
- auto(默认)
$ mysqlbinlog –base64-output=never mysqld-bin.000001
1
|
000001 |
BINLOG ‘ IeZ4WQ8BAAAAZgAAABAAQANS4xLjczLWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAh5nhZEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAUwAEGggAAAAICAgC
1
|
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAh5nhZEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAUwAEGggAAAAICAgC |
$ mysqlbinlog –base64-output=always mysqld-bin.000001
1
|
000001 |
BINLOG ‘ IeZ4WQ8BAAAAZgAAAGoAAAABAAQANS4xLjczLWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAh5nhZEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAUwAEGggAAAAICAgC ‘/*!*/;
# at 106
#170726 14:59:31 server id 1 end_log_pos 182
BINLOG ‘ k+Z4WQIBAAAATAAAALYAAAAIAAIAAAAAAAAADAAAGgAAAEAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAYDc3RkBAgACAAI AHRoZWdlZWtzdHVmZgBCRUdJTg== ‘/*!*/;
# at 182
#170726 14:59:30 server id 1 end_log_pos 291
BINLOG ‘ kuZ4WQIBAAAAbQAAACMBAAAAAAIAAAAAAAAADAAAGgAAAEAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAYDc3RkBAgACAAI AHRoZWdlZWtzdHVmZgBJTlNFUlQgSU5UTyB0IFZBTFVFUygxLCAnYXBwbGUnLCBOVUxMKQ== ‘/*!*/;
# at 291
#170726 14:59:30 server id 1 end_log_pos 422
BINLOG ‘ kuZ4WQIBAAAAgwAAAKYBAAAAAAIAAAAAAAAADAAAGgAAAEAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAYDc3RkBAgACAAI AHRoZWdlZWtzdHVmZgBVUERBVEUgdCBTRVQgbmFtZSA9ICdwZWFyJywgZGF0ZSA9ICcyMDA5LTAx LTAxJyBXSEVSRSBpZCA9IDE=
# at 106
#170726 14:59:31 server id 1 end_log_pos 182
BINLOG ‘ k+Z4WQIBAAAATAAAALYAAAAIAAIAAAAAAAAADAAAGgAAAEAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAYDc3RkBAgACAAI AHRoZWdlZWtzdHVmZgBCRUdJTg== ‘/*!*/;
# at 182
#170726 14:59:30 server id 1 end_log_pos 291
BINLOG ‘ kuZ4WQIBAAAAbQAAACMBAAAAAAIAAAAAAAAADAAAGgAAAEAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAYDc3RkBAgACAAI AHRoZWdlZWtzdHVmZgBJTlNFUlQgSU5UTyB0IFZBTFVFUygxLCAnYXBwbGUnLCBOVUxMKQ== ‘/*!*/;
# at 291
#170726 14:59:30 server id 1 end_log_pos 422
BINLOG ‘ kuZ4WQIBAAAAgwAAAKYBAAAAAAIAAAAAAAAADAAAGgAAAEAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAYDc3RkBAgACAAI AHRoZWdlZWtzdHVmZgBVUERBVEUgdCBTRVQgbmFtZSA9ICdwZWFyJywgZGF0ZSA9ICcyMDA5LTAx LTAxJyBXSEVSRSBpZCA9IDE=
10
|
= |
$ mysqlbinlog –base64-output=decode-rows –verbose mysqld-bin.000001
1
|
000001 |
$ mysqlbinlog –base64-output=auto mysqld-bin.000001
$ mysqlbinlog mysqld-bin.000001
$ mysqlbinlog mysqld-bin.000001
2
|
000001 |
6 mysqlbinlog输出调试信息
$ mysqlbinlog –debug-check mysqld-bin.000001
1
|
000001 |
$ mysqlbinlog –debug-info mysqld-bin.000001 > /tmp/m.di
User time 0.00, System time 0.00
Maximum resident set size 2848, Integral resident set size 0
Non-physical pagefaults 863, Physical pagefaults 0, Swaps 0
Blocks in 0 out 48, Messages in 0 out 0, Signals 0
Voluntary context switches 1, Involuntary context switches 2
User time 0.00, System time 0.00
Maximum resident set size 2848, Integral resident set size 0
Non-physical pagefaults 863, Physical pagefaults 0, Swaps 0
Blocks in 0 out 48, Messages in 0 out 0, Signals 0
Voluntary context switches 1, Involuntary context switches 2
6
|
2 |
7 跳过前N个条目
下面将跳过指定的mysql bin日志中的前10个条目。
$ mysqlbinlog -o 10 mysqld-bin.000001
1
|
000001 |
$ mysqlbinlog -o 10000 mysqld-bin.000001
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/; .. ..
# End of log file
ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/; .. ..
# End of log file
ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
6
|
; |
8 保存输出到文件
$ mysqlbinlog mysqld-bin.000001 > output.log
1
|
log |
$ mysqlbinlog -r output.log mysqld-bin.000001
1
|
000001 |
$ mysqlbinlog –server-id=1 -r output.log mysqld-bin.000001
1
|
000001 |
9 从一个特定位置提取条目
#170726 15:38:14 server id 1 end_log_pos 15028 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1501097894/*!*/;
insert into salary values(400,’Nisha’,’Marketing’,9500)
/*!*/;
# at 15028
#170726 15:38:14 server id 1 end_log_pos 15146 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1501097894/*!*/;
insert into salary values(500,’Randy’,’Technology’,6000)
SET TIMESTAMP=1501097894/*!*/;
insert into salary values(400,’Nisha’,’Marketing’,9500)
/*!*/;
# at 15028
#170726 15:38:14 server id 1 end_log_pos 15146 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1501097894/*!*/;
insert into salary values(500,’Randy’,’Technology’,6000)
8
|
) |
$ mysqlbinlog -j 15028 mysqld-bin.000001 > from-15028.out
1
|
15028.out |
$ mysqlbinlog -H mysqld-bin.000001 > binlog-hex-dump.out
1
|
out |
10 将条目截止到一个特定的位置
$ mysqlbinlog –stop-position=15028 mysqld-bin.000001 > upto-15028.out
1
|
15028.out |
11 刷新日志以清除Binlog输出
$ mysqlbinlog mysqld-bin.000001 > output.out
1
|
out |
# head output.log
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
.. ..
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
..
.. .. BINLOG ‘ IeZ4WQ8BAAAAZgAAAGoAAAABAAQANS4xLjczLWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAh5nhZEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAUwAEGggAAAAICAgC
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
.. ..
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
..
.. .. BINLOG ‘ IeZ4WQ8BAAAAZgAAAGoAAAABAAQANS4xLjczLWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAh5nhZEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAUwAEGggAAAAICAgC
7
|
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAh5nhZEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAUwAEGggAAAAICAgC |
mysql> flush logs;
1
|
; |
12 在输出中只显示语句
也可以使用 –short-form 选项,效果相同。
$ mysqlbinlog -s mysqld-bin.000001
$ mysqlbinlog –short-form mysqld-bin.000001
3
|
000001 |
SET TIMESTAMP=1501096106/*!*/;
insert into employee values(400,’Nisha’,’Marketing’,9500)/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1501096106/*!*/;
insert into employee values(500,’Randy’,’Technology’,6000)
..
..
insert into employee values(400,’Nisha’,’Marketing’,9500)/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1501096106/*!*/;
insert into employee values(500,’Randy’,’Technology’,6000)
..
..
6
|
. |
# at 1201
#170726 15:08:26 server id 1 end_log_pos 1329 Query thread_id=3 exec_time=0 error_code=0
#170726 15:08:26 server id 1 end_log_pos 1329 Query thread_id=3 exec_time=0 error_code=0
2
|
#170726 15:08:26 server id 1 end_log_pos 1329 Query thread_id=3 exec_time=0 error_code=0 |
13 查看特定开始时间的条目
$ mysqlbinlog –start-datetime=”2017-08-16 10:00:00″ mysqld-bin.000001
1
|
000001 |
14 查看特定结束时间的条目
$ mysqlbinlog –stop-datetime=”2017-08-16 15:00:00″ mysqld-bin.000001
1
|
000001 |
15 从远程服务器获取二进制日志
此处使用-R选项。-R选项与-read-from-remote-server相同。
$ mysqlbinlog -R -h 192.168.101.2 -p mysqld-bin.000001
1
|
000001 |
- -R 选项指示mysqlbinlog命令从远程服务器读取日志文件
- -h 指定远程服务器的ip地址
- -p 将提示输入密码。默认情况下,它将使用“root”作为用户名。也可以使用 -u 选项指定用户名。
- mysqld-bin.000001 这是在这里读到的远程服务器的二进制日志文件的名称。
下面命令与上面的命令完全相同:
$ mysqlbinlog –read-from-remote-server –host=192.168.101.2 -p mysqld-bin.000001
1
|
000001 |
$ mysqlbinlog -h 192.168.101.2 mysqld-bin.000001
mysqlbinlog: File ‘mysqld-bin.000001’ not found (Errcode: 2)
mysqlbinlog: File ‘mysqld-bin.000001’ not found (Errcode: 2)
2
|
) |
$ mysqlbinlog -R –host=192.168.101.2 mysqld-bin.000001
ERROR: Failed on connect: Host ‘216.172.166.27’ is not allowed to connect
to this MySQL server
ERROR: Failed on connect: Host ‘216.172.166.27’ is not allowed to connect
to this MySQL server
3
|
server |
$ mysqlbinlog -R –host=192.168.101.2 mysqld-bin.000001
ERROR: Failed on connect: Access denied for user ‘root’@’216.172.166.27’ (using password: YES)
ERROR: Failed on connect: Access denied for user ‘root’@’216.172.166.27’ (using password: YES)
2
|
) |
$ mysqlbinlog -R –host=192.168.101.2 -u root -p mysqld-bin.000001<span style=”text-indent: 2em;”> </span>
1
|
> |