centos系统如何安装Kubernetes集群的详细步骤
前言
安装前请准备
选择4核8G(master)、8核16G(node1)、8核16G(node2) 三台机器,按量付费进行实验,CentOS7.9
这里的机器默认都是干净的,建议租云上的机器,差不多一个小时3块钱,自己搭虚拟机也行
云上机器
vpc网络: 172.31.0.0/16
私有网络:172.31.0.0/24
安全组端口开放:22、30000~32767
1、安装Docker
请在三台机器上安装docker,执行下面的命令即可
sudo yum remove docker* sudo yum install -y yum-utils #配置docker的yum地址 sudo yum-config-manager \ --add-repo \ http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo #安装指定版本 sudo yum install -y docker-ce-20.10.7 docker-ce-cli-20.10.7 containerd.io-1.4.6 # 启动&开机启动docker systemctl enable docker --now # docker加速配置 sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF' { "registry-mirrors": ["https://82m9ar63.mirror.aliyuncs.com"], "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"], "log-driver": "json-file", "log-opts": { "max-size": "100m" }, "storage-driver": "overlay2" } EOF sudo systemctl daemon-reload sudo systemctl restart docker
2、安装Kubernetes
1、基本环境
每个机器使用内网ip互通
每个机器配置自己的hostname,不能用localhost
三台机器设置hostname
#设置每个机器自己的hostname hostnamectl set-hostname 例如: hostnamectl set-hostname master hostnamectl set-hostname node1 hostnamectl set-hostname node2
基础设置(三台机器全部都要设置)
# 将 SELinux 设置为 permissive 模式(相当于将其禁用) sudo setenforce 0 sudo sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing$/SELINUX=permissive/' /etc/selinux/config #关闭swap关闭分区 swapoff -a sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab #允许 iptables 检查桥接流量 cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf br_netfilter EOF cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 EOF sudo sysctl --system
2、安装kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl(三台机器全部都要设置)
#配置k8s的yum源地址 cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo [kubernetes] name=Kubernetes baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64 enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 repo_gpgcheck=0 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg EOF #安装 kubelet,kubeadm,kubectl sudo yum install -y kubelet-1.20.9 kubeadm-1.20.9 kubectl-1.20.9 #启动kubelet sudo systemctl enable --now kubelet
⚠️ 注意⚠️ : 三台机器同时写一个域名来配置master节点的ip地址
#所有机器配置master域名 echo "172.31.0.4 k8s-master" >> /etc/hosts
3、初始化master节点
1、初始化
⚠️ - apiserver-advertise-address = 你master节点的ip
⚠️ - control-plane-endpoint = 你上面配置的域名
kubeadm init \ --apiserver-advertise-address=172.31.0.4 \ --control-plane-endpoint=k8s-master \ --image-repository registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lfy_k8s_images \ --kubernetes-version v1.20.9 \ --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/16 \ --pod-network-cidr=192.168.0.0/16
2、记录关键信息
当前初始化完成之后将会输出下面的信息,记得保存到本地哦
⚠️下面的操作将用到这个输出的内容,下面的操作请不要复制我这里的命令,以自己的实际输出为准
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully! To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user: mkdir -p $HOME/.kube sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run: export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster. Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/ You can now join any number of control-plane nodes by copying certificate authorities and service account keys on each node and then running the following as root: kubeadm join k8s-master:6443 --token 3vckmv.lvrl05xpyftbs177 \ --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:1dc274fed24778f5c284229d9fcba44a5df11efba018f9664cf5e8ff77907240 \ --control-plane Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root: kubeadm join k8s-master:6443 --token 3vckmv.lvrl05xpyftbs177 \ --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:1dc274fed24778f5c284229d9fcba44a5df11efba018f9664cf5e8ff77907240
保存后执行输出中的内容
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
3、安装Calico网络插件
先下载calico.yaml ,然后使用kubectl来部署
curl https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml -O kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
4、加入worker节点
上面成功部署之后输出的内容注意,最后面
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root: kubeadm join k8s-master:6443 --token 3vckmv.lvrl05xpyftbs177 \ --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:1dc274fed24778f5c284229d9fcba44a5df11efba018f9664cf5e8ff77907240
将命令复制到其他的node节点上执行,如果master上也执行了,则master也当作成一个工作节点了
扩展:加入master节点(多个master节点)
上面成功部署之后输出的内容注意,最后面
You can now join any number of control-plane nodes by copying certificate authorities and service account keys on each node and then running the following as root: kubeadm join k8s-master:6443 --token 3vckmv.lvrl05xpyftbs177 \ --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:1dc274fed24778f5c284229d9fcba44a5df11efba018f9664cf5e8ff77907240 \ --control-plane
在其他你需要成为master节点的机器上执行即可
5、验证
kubectl get node
至此安装成功
总结
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