教你如何静默安装ORACLE

由于本次的实验我是将上次的虚拟机直接拷贝过来,然后将里面图形化界面安装好了的oracle给删除,再次重新安装,所以这里要修改一些配置。

首先修改的是我们的IP地址

# system-config-network

完成后我们修改一下hosts文件,将里面的ip地址给修改一下

# vi /etc/hosts

接着我们删除上次安装过的ORACLE文件

# cd $ORACLE_BASE
# ls
# rm -rf *

进入root:rm -rf /etc/ora*
还是在安装前进行配置。
接下来进行静默安装。首先我们先要创建一个相应文件,这个文件里记录了我们oracle安装的所有过程

[oracle@oracle ~]$ cd /u01/database/response
$ cp enterprise.rsp /u01
$ vi /u01/enterprise.rsp

修改一下内容:

35 UNIX_GROUP_NAME=\”oinstall\”
62 ORACLE_HOME=\”/u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1\”
70 ORACLE_HOME_NAME=\”OraDbHome1\”
351 COMPONENT_LANGUAGES={\”en,zh_CN\”}
384 s_nameForDBAGrp=\”dba\”
392 s_nameForOPERGrp=\”oper\”
422 n_configurationOption=3

开始安装:

[oracle@oracle ~]$ cd /u01/database
$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /u01/enterprise.rsp

安装完成后执行以下脚本

$ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
$ORACLE_HOME/root.sh

执行完脚本以后使用:sqlplus / as sysdba即可知道oracle的版本为:10.2.0.1.0
静默升级数据库

$ cp /u01/Disk1/response/patchset.rsp /u01
vi /u01/patchset.rsp编辑如下行:
45 UNIX_GROUP_NAME=\”oinstall\”
87 ORACLE_HOME=\”/u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1\”
99 ORACLE_HOME_NAME=\”OraDbHome1\”
533 MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=\”zhaoming@sina.com\”
542 MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=\”b\”
603 DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

进行安装升级的补丁

$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /u01/patchset.rsp

升级成功

$ sqlplus / as sysdba;
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 – Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

 接下来进行手工建库

$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora
写入以下内容:
compatible=10.2.0.5
instance_name=orcl
db_name=orcl
sga_target=500M
sga_max_size=500M
job_queue_processes=10
undo_management=auto
undo_tablespace=undotbs
audit_file_dest=$ORACLE_BASE/admin/orcl/adump
background_dump_dest=$ORACLE_BASE/admin/orcl/bdump
core_dump_dest=$ORACLE_BASE/admin/orcl/cdump
user_dump_dest=$ORACLE_BASE/admin/orcl/udump
control_files=\'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl\',\'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl\'
保存退出

 创建跟踪目录:

mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/orcl/{a,b,c,u}dump

创建控制文件的位置

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/

  启动到实例:

sqlplus / as sysdba
create spfile from pfile;
startup nomount

 接下来进行创建数据库
 vi createdb.sql写入如下内容:

CREATE DATABASE orcl
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY a —这里需要修改你的密码
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY a
LOGFILE GROUP 1 (\’/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log\’) SIZE 50M,
GROUP 2 (\’/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log\’) SIZE 50M,
GROUP 3 (\’/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log\’) SIZE 50M
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 1
CHARACTER SET utf8
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET utf8
DATAFILE \’/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf\’ SIZE 325M REUSE
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
SYSAUX DATAFILE \’/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf\’ SIZE 325M REUSE
DEFAULT TABLESPACE users datafile \’/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf\’ size 200M
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp
TEMPFILE \’/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf\’
SIZE 20M REUSE
UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs
DATAFILE \’/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf\’
SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
/

 然后在sql中引用到这些脚本

sql> get /u01/create.sql  ---解释一下get的作用:就是引用操作系统目录下的任意一个文件引入到sql中来。
sql> .........
sql>/

—–执行完这些脚本语句之后就会在相应的位置产生控制文件、数据文件、日志文件等—-
 接着执行

sql>desc dba_tables
ERROR:
ORA-04043: object dba_tables does not exist

—-解释一下:这里查询的是数据字典,我们这里只不过建好了数据库,并没有将数据库相关的视图、表、索引、数据字典等建好。—-
 所以我们呢要来建这些视图、表、索引了。

$ cd /u01
vi jb.sql写入如下内容:
@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql ----catalog.sql:创建数据字典
@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql  ----catproc.sql:安装ORACLE自定义的包
conn system/a
@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql  ----pupbld.sql:屏蔽sqlplus错误

 接着在数据库中执行这段脚本:

sql>@/u01/jb.sql

—这里解释一下:@:可以执行操作系统下的某个脚本中sql语句

 紧接着就是漫长的等待,估计20多分钟吧。

 执行完成后,你会看到很多什么表啊视图什么的,does not exist。不用管他,这是创建数据字典时候先去查询这些表存不存在。当然不存在啊,因为都还没创建,所以自然会报错。

sql>desc dba_tables

 完了后这个时候就有内容了。

sql> select count(*) from dba_tables

 接下来我们进行OEM的安装,安装之前我们先将补丁给补上。补丁我们也是采用禁默安装。补丁:

p8350262_10205_Generic.zip

 将补丁上传到目录:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/  解压缩:
$ unzip p8350262_10205_Generic.zip
 得到一个目录为:8350262
 打补丁:

$ emctl stop dbconsole
$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
$ ./opatch apply 8350262

 补丁安装上去之后

$ lsnrctl status 显示: No Listener

 然后我们做:

$ cd /u01/database/response/
$ cp netca.rsp /u01
$ netca /silent /responseFile /u01/netca.rsp

 安装完监听器后我们进入sqlplus去将数据库注册到这个监听器上。

$ sqlplus / as sysdba;
sqlplus>alter system register

 监听器安装完成后我们进行安装资料库

SQL> select username from dba_users where username=\’SYSMAN\’;
no rows selected

 执行安装资料库命令:

$ emca -repos create
STARTED EMCA at Mar 30, 2013 9:57:23 AM
EM Configuration Assistant, Version 10.2.0.1.0 Production
Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter the following information:
Database SID: orcl
Listener port number: 1521
Password for SYS user:
Password for SYSMAN user:
Password for SYSMAN user:
Do you wish to continue? [yes(Y)/no(N)]: Y
Mar 30, 2013 9:58:28 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMConfig perform
INFO: This operation is being logged at /u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/emca/orcl/emca_2013-03-30_09-57-2-AM.log.
Mar 30, 2013 9:58:28 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig createRepository
INFO: Creating the EM repository (this may take a while) …
Mar 30, 2013 10:00:42 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Repository successfully created
Enterprise Manager configuration completed successfully
FINISHED EMCA at Mar 30, 2013 10:00:42 AM

 资料库安装完成后我们进行安装控制台:

$ emca -config dbcontrol db
STARTED EMCA at Mar 30, 2013 10:01:47 AM
EM Configuration Assistant, Version 10.2.0.1.0 Production
Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter the following information:
Database SID: orcl
Listener port number: 1521
Password for SYS user:
Password for DBSNMP user:
Password for SYSMAN user:
Invalid username/password.
Password for SYSMAN user:
Email address for notifications (optional):
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications (optional):
—————————————————————–
You have specified the following settings
Database ORACLE_HOME ……………. /u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1
Database hostname ……………. hndx
Listener port number ……………. 1521
Database SID ……………. orcl
Email address for notifications ……………
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications ……………
—————————————————————–
Do you wish to continue? [yes(Y)/no(N)]: Y
Mar 30, 2013 10:02:42 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMConfig perform
INFO: This operation is being logged at /u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/emca/orcl/emca_2013-03-30_10-01-4-AM.log.
Mar 30, 2013 10:02:48 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil startOMS
INFO: Starting Database Control (this may take a while) …
Mar 30, 2013 10:04:24 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: Database Control started successfully
Mar 30, 2013 10:04:24 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: >>>>>>>>>>> The Database Control URL is http://hndx:1158/em <<<<<<<<<<<
Enterprise Manager configuration completed successfully
FINISHED EMCA at Mar 30, 2013 10:04:24 AM

 马上就大功告成了
$ firefox http://hndx:1158/em    –如果报错:用户名密码错误,请先创建口令文件:
 创建口令文件:

orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworcl password=xx---用户名自己定义

 是不是看到火狐浏览器的界面很亲切呢。这里估计还会有错误,就是要添加证书,进入后添加点击下面的添加就好了。


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