使用SpringMVC轻松处理多种数据库 (springmvc处理数据库)

随着互联网的发展和数据量的不断增加,各种数据库也应运而生。其中常见的关系型数据库有MySQL、Oracle、SQL Server等,非关系型数据库有MongoDB、Redis等。在实际的项目开发中,我们往往需要同时连接和操作多个不同类型的数据库。SpringMVC提供了强大的数据访问层支持,能够轻松处理多种数据库,本文将介绍如何使用SpringMVC实现多种数据库的连接和操作。

1. 引入SpringMVC数据访问支持

在项目中引入SpringMVC数据访问支持,需要在pom.xml文件中添加对应依赖。以下是集成MySQL、Oracle、SQL Server和MongoDB的依赖:

“`

org.springframework

spring-jdbc

5.1.8.RELEASE

mysql

mysql-connector-java

8.0.13

com.oracle

ojdbc6

11.2.0.3

com.microsoft.sqlserver

mssql-jdbc

7.0.0.jre8

org.springframework.data

spring-data-mongodb

2.1.7.RELEASE

org.mongodb

mongodb-driver-sync

3.12.2

“`

其中,spring-jdbc是Spring JDBC的核心包,包含了Spring JDBC的所有功能。mysql-connector-java是MySQL的Java驱动。ojdbc6是Oracle的Java驱动。 mssql-jdbc是SQL Server的Java驱动。spring-data-mongodb是Spring封装的操作MongoDB的Java包。mongodb-driver-sync是MongoDB的Java驱动。

2. 配置数据源

在配置文件中添加数据源相关信息。以下是MySQL、Oracle、SQL Server和MongoDB的配置示例:

MySQL:

“`

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test

spring.datasource.username=root

spring.datasource.password=123456

spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

“`

Oracle:

“`

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE

spring.datasource.username=system

spring.datasource.password=123456

spring.datasource.driverClassName=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver

“`

SQL Server:

“`

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;databaseName=test

spring.datasource.username=sa

spring.datasource.password=123456

spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver

“`

MongoDB:

“`

spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb://localhost:27017/test

“`

3. 编写Dao层代码

创建对应的Dao类,在其中提供操作数据库的方法,实现数据的增删改查等操作。以下是MySQL、Oracle、SQL Server和MongoDB的Dao类示例:

MySQL:

“`

@Repository

public class UserDao {

@Autowired

JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

public List findAll() {

return jdbcTemplate.query(“select * from user”, new BeanPropertyRowMapper(User.class));

}

public void add(User user) {

jdbcTemplate.update(“insert into user (name, age) values (?, ?)”, user.getName(), user.getAge());

}

public void delete(long id) {

jdbcTemplate.update(“delete from user where id = ?”, id);

}

public void update(User user) {

jdbcTemplate.update(“update user set name = ?, age = ? where id = ?”, user.getName(), user.getAge(), user.getId());

}

}

“`

Oracle:

“`

@Repository

public class UserDao {

@Autowired

JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

public List findAll() {

return jdbcTemplate.query(“select * from \”user\””, new BeanPropertyRowMapper(User.class));

}

public void add(User user) {

jdbcTemplate.update(“insert into \”user\” (name, age) values (?, ?)”, user.getName(), user.getAge());

}

public void delete(long id) {

jdbcTemplate.update(“delete from \”user\” where id = ?”, id);

}

public void update(User user) {

jdbcTemplate.update(“update \”user\” set name = ?, age = ? where id = ?”, user.getName(), user.getAge(), user.getId());

}

}

“`

SQL Server:

“`

@Repository

public class UserDao {

@Autowired

JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

public List findAll() {

return jdbcTemplate.query(“select * from [user]”, new BeanPropertyRowMapper(User.class));

}

public void add(User user) {

jdbcTemplate.update(“insert into [user] (name, age) values (?, ?)”, user.getName(), user.getAge());

}

public void delete(long id) {

jdbcTemplate.update(“delete from [user] where id = ?”, id);

}

public void update(User user) {

jdbcTemplate.update(“update [user] set name = ?, age = ? where id = ?”, user.getName(), user.getAge(), user.getId());

}

}

“`

MongoDB:

“`

@Repository

public class UserDao {

@Autowired

private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;

public List findAll() {

return mongoTemplate.findAll(User.class);

}

public void add(User user) {

mongoTemplate.save(user);

}

public void delete(User user) {

mongoTemplate.remove(user);

}

public void update(User user) {

mongoTemplate.save(user);

}

}

“`

其中,JdbcTemplate是Spring提供的JDBC模板,能够简化JDBC的操作。BeanPropertyRowMapper是Spring提供的一个实现了ResultSetExtractor接口的类,能够将一个ResultSet对象转换成一个Java对象。MongoTemplate是Spring封装的操作MongoDB的类。

4. 编写Service层代码

创建对应的Service类,在其中调用Dao层提供的方法,实现业务逻辑的处理。以下是MySQL、Oracle、SQL Server和MongoDB的Service类示例:

MySQL:

“`

@Service

public class UserService {

@Autowired

UserDao userDao;

public List findAll() {

return userDao.findAll();

}

public void add(User user) {

userDao.add(user);

}

public void delete(long id) {

userDao.delete(id);

}

public void update(User user) {

userDao.update(user);

}

}

“`

Oracle:

“`

@Service

public class UserService {

@Autowired

UserDao userDao;

public List findAll() {

return userDao.findAll();

}

public void add(User user) {

userDao.add(user);

}

public void delete(long id) {

userDao.delete(id);

}

public void update(User user) {

userDao.update(user);

}

}

“`

SQL Server:

“`

@Service

public class UserService {

@Autowired

UserDao userDao;

public List findAll() {

return userDao.findAll();

}

public void add(User user) {

userDao.add(user);

}

public void delete(long id) {

userDao.delete(id);

}

public void update(User user) {

userDao.update(user);

}

}

“`

MongoDB:

“`

@Service

public class UserService {

@Autowired

UserDao userDao;

public List findAll() {

return userDao.findAll();

}

public void add(User user) {

userDao.add(user);

}

public void delete(User user) {

userDao.delete(user);

}

public void update(User user) {

userDao.update(user);

}

}

“`

5. 编写Controller层代码

创建对应的Controller类,在其中调用Service层提供的方法,实现接口的处理。以下是MySQL、Oracle、SQL Server和MongoDB的Controller类示例:

MySQL:

“`

@RestController

public class UserController {

@Autowired

UserService userService;

@GetMapping(“/user”)

public List findAll() {

return userService.findAll();

}

@PostMapping(“/user”)

public void add(@RequestBody User user) {

userService.add(user);

}

@DeleteMapping(“/user/{id}”)

public void delete(@PathVariable(“id”) long id) {

userService.delete(id);

}

@PutMapping(“/user”)

public void update(@RequestBody User user) {

userService.update(user);

}

}

“`

Oracle:

“`

@RestController

public class UserController {

@Autowired

UserService userService;

@GetMapping(“/user”)

public List findAll() {

return userService.findAll();

}

@PostMapping(“/user”)

public void add(@RequestBody User user) {

userService.add(user);

}

@DeleteMapping(“/user/{id}”)

public void delete(@PathVariable(“id”) long id) {

userService.delete(id);

}

@PutMapping(“/user”)

public void update(@RequestBody User user) {

userService.update(user);

}

}

“`

SQL Server:

“`

@RestController

public class UserController {

@Autowired

UserService userService;

@GetMapping(“/user”)

public List findAll() {

return userService.findAll();

}

@PostMapping(“/user”)

public void add(@RequestBody User user) {

userService.add(user);

}

@DeleteMapping(“/user/{id}”)

public void delete(@PathVariable(“id”) long id) {

userService.delete(id);

}

@PutMapping(“/user”)

public void update(@RequestBody User user) {

userService.update(user);

}

}

“`

MongoDB:

“`

@RestController

public class UserController {

@Autowired

UserService userService;

@GetMapping(“/user”)

public List findAll() {

return userService.findAll();

}

@PostMapping(“/user”)

public void add(@RequestBody User user) {

userService.add(user);

}

@DeleteMapping(“/user”)

public void delete(@RequestBody User user) {

userService.delete(user);

}

@PutMapping(“/user”)

public void update(@RequestBody User user) {

userService.update(user);

}

}

“`

6. 测试接口

启动项目,在浏览器或Postman中访问接口,测试数据的增删改查功能。以下是MySQL、Oracle、SQL Server和MongoDB的测试接口:

MySQL:

“`

GET http://localhost:8080/user

POST http://localhost:8080/user Body: {“name”:”tom”,”age”:18}

PUT http://localhost:8080/user Body: {“id”:1,”name”:”tom”,”age”:19}

DELETE http://localhost:8080/user/1

“`

Oracle:

“`

GET http://localhost:8080/user

POST http://localhost:8080/user Body: {“name”:”tom”,”age”:18}

PUT http://localhost:8080/user Body: {“id”:1,”name”:”tom”,”age”:19}

DELETE http://localhost:8080/user/1

“`

SQL Server:

“`

GET http://localhost:8080/user

POST http://localhost:8080/user Body: {“name”:”tom”,”age”:18}

PUT http://localhost:8080/user Body: {“id”:1,”name”:”tom”,”age”:19}

DELETE http://localhost:8080/user/1

“`

MongoDB:

“`

GET http://localhost:8080/user

POST http://localhost:8080/user Body: {“name”:”tom”,”age”:18}

PUT http://localhost:8080/user Body: {“id”:”5e6cef61f6fb8a43b0e6b9a9″,”name”:”tom”,”age”:19}

DELETE http://localhost:8080/user Body: {“id”:”5e6cef61f6fb8a43b0e6b9a9″,”name”:”tom”,”age”:18}

“`


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