详解Mysql两表 join 查询方式
一、SQL基本语法格式
SELECT DISTINCT
< select_list >
FROM
< left_table > < join_type >
JOIN < right_table > ON <join_condition>
WHERE
< where_condition >
GROUP BY
< group_by_list >
HAVING
< having_condition >
ORDER BY
< order_by_condition >
LIMIT < limit_number >
< select_list >
FROM
< left_table > < join_type >
JOIN < right_table > ON <join_condition>
WHERE
< where_condition >
GROUP BY
< group_by_list >
HAVING
< having_condition >
ORDER BY
< order_by_condition >
LIMIT < limit_number >
二、3种join方式
1. left join(左连接)
A left join B 得到A表的所有字段,如果没有匹配到连接条件则用null填充
select A.*,B.* from A left join B on A.id = B.id;
2. right join(右连接)
A right join B 得到B表所有的字段
select A.*,B.* from A right join B on A.id=B.id;
3. inner join(内连接)
A inner join B得到(A和B的交集)
select A.*,B.* from A inner join B on A.id=B.id;
4. 在理解上面的三种join下,查询(A – A∩B)
select A.*,B.* from A left join B on A.id=B.id where B.id is null;
5. 查询 ( B – A∩B )
select A.*,B.* from A right join B on A.id=B.id where A.id is null;
6. 查询(A∪B – A∩B)
利用union去重将上面的第四、第五种两条sql中间用union连接即可完成;即先完成一小部分的,然后将两个拼起来的思想。
select A.*,B.* from A left join B on A.id=B.id where B.id is null
union
select A.*,B.* from A right join B on A.id=B.id where A.id is null;
union
select A.*,B.* from A right join B on A.id=B.id where A.id is null;
7. 查询 AUB
MySQL中求并集可以使用union关键字进行处理(自动去重)
select A.*,B.* from A left join B on A.id=B.id
UNION
select A.*,B.* from A right join B on A.id=B.id;
UNION
select A.*,B.* from A right join B on A.id=B.id;
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