Oracle数据库统计报表分析实践（oracle中统计报表）

Oracle数据库统计报表分析实践

在日常运维和管理中，数据库统计报表是不可或缺的一项工作。Oracle数据库统计报表的制作和分析可以帮助运维人员和管理员更好地把握数据库的整体情况，发现问题，提出优化措施，从而确保数据库的稳定和高效运行。本文将介绍如何利用Oracle SQL语句进行数据库统计报表分析的实践。

I. 系统资源利用情况分析

系统资源的利用情况是数据库性能评估的一个重要指标。其中CPU、内存和磁盘IO是最常见的三个指标。可以通过以下几个查询语句进行分析：

1. CPU利用率查询

SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') AS TIME,
       ROUND((A.VALUE - B.VALUE) / G.VALUE * 100, 2) AS CPU_USAGE_RATE
FROM (SELECT * FROM V$OSSTAT WHERE STAT_NAME = 'IDLE_TIME') A,
     (SELECT * FROM V$OSSTAT WHERE STAT_NAME = 'IDLE_TIME' and ROWNUM=1) B,
     (SELECT * FROM V$OSSTAT WHERE STAT_NAME = 'CPU_CORE_COUNT' and ROWNUM=1) G;

2. 内存利用率查询

SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') AS TIME,
       ROUND((1 - (SELECT L.VALUE  FROM V$SGASTAT L WHERE L.NAME = 'free memory') 
               / (SELECT SUM(P.VALUE) FROM V$SGASTAT P)), 2) AS MEM_USED_RATE
FROM DUAL;

3. 磁盘IO利用率查询

SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') AS TIME,
       ROUND((SELECT 100 * (SUM(TOTAL_WTS) - SUM(IDLE_WTS)) / SUM(TOTAL_WTS) 
              FROM V$SYSTEM_EVENT WHERE EVENT LIKE 'Disk%'), 2) AS DISK_IO_RATE 
FROM DUAL;

II. 数据库性能指标分析

数据库性能指标是评估数据库性能的主要依据。其中包括响应时间、QPS和TPS，可以通过以下几个查询语句进行分析：

1. 响应时间查询

SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') AS TIME,
       ROUND(AVG(S.VALUE / 100), 2) AS RESP_TIME_MS
FROM V$SESSTAT S,
     V$STATNAME N
WHERE S.STATISTIC# = N.STATISTIC#
  AND N.NAME = 'response time (weighted average)' 
  AND S.SID IN (SELECT SID FROM V$SESSION WHERE STATUS = 'ACTIVE' AND USERNAME NOT IN ('SYS'));

2. QPS查询

SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') AS TIME,
       (SELECT VALUE / 60 FROM V$SYSMETRIC 
        WHERE METRIC_NAME = 'Transaction Per Second' AND INTSIZE_CSEC = 300) AS QPS_5_MIN_AVG
FROM DUAL;

3. TPS查询

SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') AS TIME,
       (SELECT VALUE / 60 FROM V$SYSMETRIC 
        WHERE METRIC_NAME = 'User Transaction Per Second' AND INTSIZE_CSEC = 300) AS TPS_5_MIN_AVG
FROM DUAL;

III. 锁等待分析

锁等待是数据库中常见的性能问题之一。可以通过以下几个查询语句进行锁等待分析：

1. 查询锁等待的会话

SELECT S.SID, S.SERIAL#, S.USERNAME, S.MACHINE, S.SQL_ID
FROM V$SESSION S, V$LOCKED_OBJECT L, DBA_OBJECTS O
WHERE S.SID = L.SID
  AND L.OBJECT_ID = O.OBJECT_ID
  AND O.OBJECT_TYPE = 'TABLE'
  AND O.OWNER = 'SCHEMA'
  AND O.OBJECT_NAME = 'TABLE_NAME';

2. 查询锁等待的对象

SELECT O.OBJECT_NAME, O.OWNER,  
       DECODE(REQUEST,0,'Holder: ','Wter: ')||S.SID SESSION_ID, 
       DECODE (L.TYPE, 'TM', 'DML', 'TX', 'DDL', 'UL', 'PL', 'CF') LOCK_TYPE
FROM V$LOCKED_OBJECT L,  DBA_OBJECTS O, V$SESSION S
WHERE L.OBJECT_ID = O.OBJECT_ID
  AND L.SESSION_ID = S.SID
  AND O.OWNER = 'SCHEMA'
  AND O.OBJECT_TYPE = 'TABLE'
  AND O.OBJECT_NAME = 'TABLE_NAME';

通过Oracle SQL语句进行数据库统计报表分析，能够帮助运维人员和管理员更好地掌握数据库的整体情况，发现问题，制定相应的优化措施。以上仅是部分分析方法，更多分析方法和工具探索还需要进一步学习和实践。