Oracle主副表用数据实现完美记录(oracle主副表)
Oracle主副表:用数据实现完美记录
在实际业务中,我们经常需要将某个数据表中的数据拆分成多个表存储,由于涉及到多张表的操作,数据的一致性维护显得尤为重要。这时,就可以通过Oracle主副表的方式来实现数据记录的完美,保障数据一致性。
Oracle主副表实际上就是一张主表和多张副表,每个副表都包含了主表的主键字段,并且通过外键与主表建立关联。所有关于主表的操作都应该通过主表实现,而关于副表的操作则应该通过主表进行。
示例代码如下:
–创建主表
CREATE TABLE customer(
customer_id NUMBER(10) PRIMARY KEY,
customer_name VARCHAR2(50),
customer_age NUMBER(3),
customer_tel VARCHAR2(20),
create_time DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE
);
–创建副表order
CREATE TABLE order(
order_id NUMBER(10) PRIMARY KEY,
customer_id NUMBER(10),
order_price NUMBER(10,2),
order_time DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE,
FOREIGN KEY (customer_id) REFERENCES customer(customer_id)
);
–创建副表payment
CREATE TABLE payment(
payment_id NUMBER(10) PRIMARY KEY,
customer_id NUMBER(10),
payment_amt NUMBER(10,2),
payment_time DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE,
FOREIGN KEY (customer_id) REFERENCES customer(customer_id)
);
在上述代码中,我们首先创建了一个名为customer的主表,记录了客户的基本信息。接着,我们又创建了order和payment两张副表,用来记录客户订单和付款信息。
其中,order和payment两张表都包含了customer的主键字段customer_id,并且通过外键与customer建立了关联。
这样一来,我们在添加、修改、删除和查询主表数据时,都可以同时操作对应的副表数据,从而保障数据的一致性。
示例代码如下:
–添加客户
INSERT INTO customer(customer_id, customer_name, customer_age, customer_tel) VALUES (1, ‘张三’, 28, ‘13800138000’);
–添加订单
INSERT INTO order(order_id, customer_id, order_price) VALUES (1, 1, 1000);
–添加付款记录
INSERT INTO payment(payment_id, customer_id, payment_amt) VALUES (1, 1, 500);
–修改客户信息
UPDATE customer SET customer_age=29 WHERE customer_id=1;
–修改订单信息
UPDATE order SET order_price=1200 WHERE customer_id=1;
–修改付款记录
UPDATE payment SET payment_amt=600 WHERE customer_id=1;
–删除客户
DELETE FROM customer WHERE customer_id=1;
–删除订单
DELETE FROM order WHERE customer_id=1;
–删除付款记录
DELETE FROM payment WHERE customer_id=1;
如上所示,我们可以通过单独的INSERT、UPDATE和DELETE语句快速添加、修改和删除主副表中的数据。
当然,为了实现更加完美的数据记录,我们还可以通过Oracle的触发器实现同步性操作。
示例代码如下:
–创建同步订单信息的触发器
CREATE TRIGGER sync_order
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE
ON order
REFERENCING NEW AS new OLD AS old
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF INSERTING THEN
INSERT INTO customer(customer_id, customer_name, create_time)
SELECT customer_id, NULL, SYSDATE FROM order WHERE order_id=:new.order_id;
ELSIF UPDATING THEN
UPDATE customer SET customer_name=NULL WHERE customer_id=:new.customer_id;
ELSIF DELETING THEN
DELETE FROM customer WHERE customer_id=:old.customer_id;
END IF;
END;
–创建同步付款信息的触发器
CREATE TRIGGER sync_payment
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE
ON payment
REFERENCING NEW AS new OLD AS old
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF INSERTING THEN
INSERT INTO customer(customer_id, customer_name, create_time)
SELECT customer_id, NULL, SYSDATE FROM payment WHERE payment_id=:new.payment_id;
ELSIF UPDATING THEN
UPDATE customer SET customer_name=NULL WHERE customer_id=:new.customer_id;
ELSIF DELETING THEN
DELETE FROM customer WHERE customer_id=:old.customer_id;
END IF;
END;
在上述代码中,我们创建了两个触发器sync_order和sync_payment,用来同步副表中的数据到主表中。这样一来,我们就可以在对副表进行操作时,自动同步主表的数据,保障数据的一致性。
Oracle主副表可以帮助我们实现数据记录的完美,从而保障数据的一致性。在实际业务中,我们可以根据业务需求自由地创建主副表,从而实现更加灵活和高效的数据操作。