Oracle任务锁链的威力强大的流程控制力(Oracle任务链锁)
Oracle任务锁链的威力:强大的流程控制力
在Oracle数据库中,任务锁链是一种非常强大的工具,可以用于流程控制和任务管理。任务锁链可以将多个任务串联在一起,形成复杂的工作流程。当一个任务完成时,任务锁链会自动触发下一个任务,并且可以根据不同的条件,控制任务的执行顺序和执行结果。
任务锁链的应用场景非常广泛,例如可以用于数据的ETL(抽取、转换、加载)流程控制,也可以用于系统监控和告警的处理流程控制,甚至可以用于业务流程的自动化管理。下面通过一个简单示例来展示任务锁链的威力。
示例场景:假设有三个任务A、B、C,分别代表数据抽取、数据转换和数据加载。任务A会从外部系统抽取数据到一个抽取表中,任务B会从抽取表中读取数据进行数据的转换处理,任务C会将转换后的数据加载到目标表中。需要按照A->B->C的顺序依次执行任务,且任务执行结果需要被记录到日志表中。
代码实现如下:
1、创建任务锁链
begin
DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_CHN(
chn_name => ‘ETL_CHN’,
rule_set_name => NULL,
evaluation_interval => NULL);
end;
2、创建任务A并将任务A加入锁链
begin
DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB(
job_name => ‘ETL_TASK_A’,
job_type => ‘PLSQL_BLOCK’,
job_action => ‘INSERT INTO ETL_LOG (TASK_ID, TASK_NAME, START_TIME, END_TIME, STATUS) values (1, ”ETL_TASK_A”, SYSDATE, NULL, ”RUNNING”);
INSERT INTO ETL_EXTRACT (ID, NAME, DATA) values (1, ”RECORD_1”, ”DATA_1”);
MERGE INTO ETL_CHN_LOG USING DUAL ON (JOB_NAME=”ETL_TASK_A” AND TASK_STATUS=”RUNNING”) WHEN NOT MATCHED
THEN INSERT (JOB_NAME, TASK_ID, TASK_NAME, TASK_STATUS, START_TIME) VALUES (”ETL_CHN”, 1, ”ETL_TASK_A”, ”SUCCEEDED”, SYSDATE);’,
start_date => SYSTIMESTAMP,
enabled => FALSE,
comments => ‘ETL Task A’);
DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHN_STEP(
chn_name => ‘ETL_CHN’,
step_name => ‘ETL_STEP_A’,
job_name => ‘ETL_TASK_A’,
auto_drop => FALSE,
comments => ‘Step A’);
end;
3、创建任务B并将任务B加入锁链
begin
DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB(
job_name => ‘ETL_TASK_B’,
job_type => ‘PLSQL_BLOCK’,
job_action => ‘DECLARE CURSOR cur IS SELECT id, name, data FROM ETL_EXTRACT;
BEGIN FOR rec IN cur LOOP
INSERT INTO ETL_TRANSFORM (ID, NAME, DATA) VALUES (rec.id, rec.name||”_TRANSFORMED”, REPLACE(rec.data, ”DATA”, ”TRANSFORMED DATA”));
END LOOP;
INSERT INTO ETL_LOG (TASK_ID, TASK_NAME, START_TIME, END_TIME, STATUS) values (2, ”ETL_TASK_B”, SYSDATE, NULL, ”RUNNING”);
MERGE INTO ETL_CHN_LOG USING DUAL ON (JOB_NAME=”ETL_TASK_B” AND TASK_STATUS=”RUNNING”) WHEN NOT MATCHED
THEN INSERT (JOB_NAME, TASK_ID, TASK_NAME, TASK_STATUS, START_TIME) VALUES (”ETL_CHN”, 2, ”ETL_TASK_B”, ”SUCCEEDED”, SYSDATE);
END;’,
start_date => SYSTIMESTAMP,
enabled => FALSE,
comments => ‘ETL Task B’);
DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHN_STEP(
chn_name => ‘ETL_CHN’,
step_name => ‘ETL_STEP_B’,
job_name => ‘ETL_TASK_B’,
auto_drop => FALSE,
comments => ‘Step B’);
end;
4、创建任务C并将任务C加入锁链
begin
DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB(
job_name => ‘ETL_TASK_C’,
job_type => ‘PLSQL_BLOCK’,
job_action => ‘DECLARE CURSOR cur IS SELECT id, name, data FROM ETL_TRANSFORM;
BEGIN FOR rec IN cur LOOP
INSERT INTO ETL_LOAD (ID, NAME, DATA) VALUES (rec.id, rec.name, rec.data);
END LOOP;
INSERT INTO ETL_LOG (TASK_ID, TASK_NAME, START_TIME, END_TIME, STATUS) values (3, ”ETL_TASK_C”, SYSDATE, NULL, ”RUNNING”);
MERGE INTO ETL_CHN_LOG USING DUAL ON (JOB_NAME=”ETL_TASK_C” AND TASK_STATUS=”RUNNING”) WHEN NOT MATCHED
THEN INSERT (JOB_NAME, TASK_ID, TASK_NAME, TASK_STATUS, START_TIME) VALUES (”ETL_CHN”, 3, ”ETL_TASK_C”, ”SUCCEEDED”, SYSDATE);
END;’,
start_date => SYSTIMESTAMP,
enabled => FALSE,
comments => ‘ETL Task C’);
DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHN_STEP(
chn_name => ‘ETL_CHN’,
step_name => ‘ETL_STEP_C’,
job_name => ‘ETL_TASK_C’,
auto_drop => FALSE,
comments => ‘Step C’);
end;
5、启动任务锁链并运行任务
begin
DBMS_SCHEDULER.DROP_JOB(‘ETL_TASK_CHN’, FORCE => TRUE);
DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB(
job_name => ‘ETL_TASK_CHN’,
job_type => ‘CHN’,
job_action => ‘ETL_CHN’,
start_date => SYSTIMESTAMP,
auto_drop => FALSE,
comments => ‘ETL Task Chn’);
DBMS_SCHEDULER.SET_ATTRIBUTE(
name => ‘ETL_TASK_CHN’,
attribute => ‘job_class’,
value => ‘default_job_class’);
DBMS_SCHEDULER.SET_CHN_PROPERTY(
chn_name => ‘ETL_CHN’,
attribute => ‘ENABLED’,
value => ‘TRUE’);
end;
通过以上代码实现,我们成功创建了一个由多个任务组成的任务锁链,并且设置了任务执行顺序和任务执行结果的记录。任务锁链可以实现更加复杂的流程控制,例如可以增加任务的依赖关系、错误处理、任务超时等。任务锁链是Oracle数据库中非常实用的一个功能,可以极大地提高数据处理的效率和自动化程度。