Oracle存储过程的利用C语言程序开发(c oracle存储过程)

Oracle存储过程的利用:C语言程序开发

Oracle是一款目前广泛使用的关系型数据库管理系统,在日常的软件开发中起到了重要的作用。其强大的存储过程功能可以提高数据库的处理效率,让开发人员更好地应对复杂的业务需求。同时,C语言作为一门广泛应用的高级编程语言,与Oracle的结合可以实现更加强大的功能。本文将介绍如何利用Oracle存储过程和C语言进行开发,并提供相应的代码示例。

一、创建存储过程

在Oracle中创建存储过程是必不可少的一步。可以使用Oracle提供的可视化工具,也可以通过SQL语句实现。以下是一个简单的存储过程示例:

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE GetEmployeeInfo
(
ID IN NUMBER,
name OUT VARCHAR2,
gender OUT VARCHAR2,
dept OUT VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT name, gender, dept INTO name, gender, dept
FROM employee WHERE employee_id = ID;
END;

这个存储过程可以根据员工ID获取其姓名、性别、所属部门。其中,IN表示输入参数,OUT表示输出参数。在C语言中调用存储过程时需要提供输入参数,并指定输出参数的内存地址。

二、编写C语言程序

编写C语言程序需要先安装Oracle数据库的C语言开发包。开发包可以从Oracle官网上下载。下面是该程序的代码示例:

#include 
#include
#include
#define USERNAME "user"
#define PASSWORD "password"
#define DATABASE "database"

#define BUFFER_SIZE 256

int mn(int argc, char** argv) {
if (argc
printf("Usage: %s id\n", argv[0]);
return 0;
}

int id = atoi(argv[1]);

OCIEnv* envhp;
OCIError* errhp;
OCISvcCtx* svchp;
OCISession* authp;
OCIServer* srvhp;
OCIStmt* stmthp;
OCIDefine* def1;
OCIDefine* def2;
OCIDefine* def3;
char name[BUFFER_SIZE];
char gender[BUFFER_SIZE];
char dept[BUFFER_SIZE];
OCIInitialize((ub4)OCI_OBJECT, (dvoid *)0, (dvoid * (*)(dvoid *,size_t))0, (dvoid * (*)(dvoid *, dvoid *, size_t))0, (void (*)(dvoid *, dvoid *))0);

OCIEnvCreate((OCIEnv **)&envhp, OCI_OBJECT, (dvoid *)0, (dvoid * (*)(dvoid *,size_t))0, (dvoid * (*)(dvoid *, dvoid *, size_t))0, (void (*)(dvoid *, dvoid *))0, (size_t)0, (dvoid **)0);

OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&errhp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR, (size_t)0, (dvoid **)0);

OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&srvhp, OCI_HTYPE_SERVER, (size_t)0, (dvoid **)0);

OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, (size_t)0, (dvoid **)0);

OCIServerAttach(srvhp, errhp, (text *)DATABASE, strlen(DATABASE), OCI_DEFAULT);

OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, (dvoid *)srvhp, (ub4)0, OCI_ATTR_SERVER, (OCIError *)errhp);

OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&stmthp, OCI_HTYPE_STMT, (size_t)0, (dvoid **)0);

OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&authp, OCI_HTYPE_SESSION, (size_t)0, (dvoid **)0);

OCISessionBegin(svchp, errhp, authp, OCI_CRED_RDBMS, OCI_DEFAULT);

OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)stmthp, (ub4)OCI_HTYPE_STMT, (dvoid *)&authp, (ub4)0, (ub4)OCI_ATTR_SESSION, errhp);

OCIStmtPrepare(stmthp, errhp, (text *)"begin GetEmployeeInfo(:1, :2, :3, :4); end;", strlen("begin GetEmployeeInfo(:1, :2, :3, :4); end;"), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT);

OCIDefineByPos(stmthp, &def1, errhp, 2, name, BUFFER_SIZE, SQLT_STR, (dvoid *)0, (ub2 *)0, (ub2 *)0, OCI_DEFAULT);

OCIDefineByPos(stmthp, &def2, errhp, 3, gender, BUFFER_SIZE, SQLT_STR, (dvoid *)0, (ub2 *)0, (ub2 *)0, OCI_DEFAULT);

OCIDefineByPos(stmthp, &def3, errhp, 4, dept, BUFFER_SIZE, SQLT_STR, (dvoid *)0, (ub2 *)0, (ub2 *)0, OCI_DEFAULT);

OCIBindByPos(stmthp, &def1, errhp, 1, &id, sizeof(id), SQLT_INT, (dvoid *)0, (ub2 *)0, (ub2 *)0, (ub4)0, (ub4 *)0, OCI_DEFAULT);

OCIStmtExecute(svchp, stmthp, errhp, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (OCISnapshot *)NULL, (OCISnapshot *)NULL, OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS);

printf("Name: %s\nGender: %s\nDept: %s\n", name, gender, dept);

OCILogoff(svchp, errhp);

OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)stmthp, OCI_HTYPE_STMT);

OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)authp, OCI_HTYPE_SESSION);

OCIServerDetach(srvhp, errhp, OCI_DEFAULT);

OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)srvhp, OCI_HTYPE_SERVER);

OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX);

OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)errhp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR);

OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)envhp, OCI_HTYPE_ENV);

return 0;
}

该程序使用OCI(Oracle Call Interface)接口连接Oracle数据库,并执行存储过程。程序会提示用户输入员工ID,将该参数作为输入参数传递给存储过程,并输出结果。其中,OCIStmtBindByPos函数用于绑定输入参数,OCIDefineByPos函数用于绑定输出参数。程序执行结束时需要通过OCIHandleFree函数释放相应的资源。

三、总结

本文介绍了如何利用Oracle存储过程和C语言进行开发。通过应用存储过程和OCI接口,可以实现高效的数据库访问和处理,避免不必要的数据传输。同时,C语言是一门底层的编程语言,可以通过指针操作等特性实现更加灵活和高效的程序。如果您想更深入地了解Oracle和C语言的应用,可以查阅相关的文档和资料,或参加相应的培训课程。


数据运维技术 » Oracle存储过程的利用C语言程序开发(c oracle存储过程)