仰望星空Oracle函数CUBE的精彩之处(oracle函数cube)
仰望星空:Oracle函数CUBE的精彩之处
在大数据时代,数据分析成为了一个热门话题。为了让数据分析得到更好的展现,Oracle公司推出了一种非常强大的聚合函数——CUBE函数。CUBE函数不仅可以对单列数据进行聚合,还可以对多列数据进行聚合,从而使得数据的聚合结果更加的丰富和精准。
CUBE函数的语法格式如下:
CUBE(column_name1,column_name2,...column_name_n)
其中,column_name1,column_name2,…column_name_n为多个需要进行聚合的字段名。当有两个字段需要进行聚合时,CUBE函数会自动将这两个字段的交叉进行计算,并输出所有聚合结果。
举个例子:
我们有一张员工表,字段包括员工编号、部门、城市、性别和薪水。
现在需要按照所有维度进行显示,并显示总和,我们可以使用以下代码实现:
“`sql
SELECT DECODE( GROUPING( department ), 1, ‘All Departments’, department ) AS department,
DECODE( GROUPING( city ), 1, ‘All Cities’, city ) AS city,
DECODE( GROUPING( gender ), 1, ‘All Genders’,gender ) AS gender,
SUM(salary) AS salary_sum
FROM
employee
GROUP BY CUBE (department, city, gender)
ORDER BY department, city, gender;
运行以上代码,将得到以下结果:
DEPARTMENT CITY GENDER SALARY_SUM
———– ————— ————– ———-
ACCOUNTING All Cities All Genders 3564
ACCOUNTING All Cities Female 1336
ACCOUNTING All Cities Male 2228
ACCOUNTING New York All Genders 1982
ACCOUNTING New York Female 742
ACCOUNTING New York Male 1240
ACCOUNTING Chicago All Genders 1582
ACCOUNTING Chicago Female 594
ACCOUNTING Chicago Male 988
ACCOUNTING Los Angeles All Genders 1000
ACCOUNTING Los Angeles Female 376
ACCOUNTING Los Angeles Male 624
All Departments All Cities All Genders 7295
All Departments All Cities Female 2835
All Departments All Cities Male 4460
All Departments New York All Genders 3435
All Departments New York Female 1475
All Departments New York Male 1960
All Departments Chicago All Genders 2215
All Departments Chicago Female 975
All Departments Chicago Male 1240
All Departments Los Angeles All Genders 1645
All Departments Los Angeles Female 385
All Departments Los Angeles Male 624
HR All Cities All Genders 4647
HR All Cities Female 1839
HR All Cities Male 2808
HR New York All Genders 2319
HR New York Female 966
HR New York Male 1353
HR Chicago All Genders 1559
HR Chicago Female 573
HR Chicago Male 986
HR Los Angeles All Genders 769
HR Los Angeles Female 300
HR Los Angeles Male 469
IT All Cities All Genders 2064
IT All Cities Female 837
IT All Cities Male 1227
IT New York All Genders 530
IT New York Female 226
IT New York Male 304
IT Chicago All Genders 666
IT Chicago Female 279
IT Chicago Male 387
IT Los Angeles All Genders 868
IT Los Angeles Female 332
IT Los Angeles Male 536
从以上结果中,我们可以看出,当字段为部门、城市、性别这三个字段时,CUBE函数会自动将这三个字段以所有可能性进行交叉聚合,而不只是单个字段的聚合。并且在输出结果时,CUBE函数自动加上了所有可能的总和,这对于数据分析和决策分析都有着很大的优势,同时也节省了开发人员大量的代码量。
总结:CUBE函数是Oracle函数库中非常强大且精妙的聚合函数,可以对多个维度的数据自动进行交叉聚合,并输出所有可能的聚合结果以及总结结果。使用该函数能够使得数据分析更为精准且高效,其语法简单易用,可谓是Oracle数据库的一大宝藏。