如何在Linux上制作ext4文件系统 (make ext4fs linux)

How to Create an Ext4 File System on Linux

The Ext4 file system is a popular choice for Linux users because of its stability, speed, and ability to handle large files. It is the default file system for many Linux distributions and is an excellent choice if you need to store large amounts of data. If you are new to Linux or unfamiliar with the Ext4 file system, this guide will show you how to create an Ext4 file system on Linux.

Step 1: Install Required Packages

Before we can create an Ext4 file system, we need to make sure that we have the required tools installed on our Linux system. These tools include the e2fsprogs package, which contns the utilities needed to create and manage Ext2, Ext3, and Ext4 file systems.

To install the e2fsprogs package on Debian based systems like Ubuntu, run the following command:

sudo apt-get install e2fsprogs

To install the package on Red Hat based systems like Fedora and CentOS, run the following command:

sudo dnf install e2fsprogs

Step 2: Create a Partition

Before we can create an Ext4 file system, we need to create a partition on our disk. To create a partition, we will use the fdisk utility. The fdisk utility is used to create, modify, and delete disk partitions.

To open the fdisk utility, run the following command:

sudo fdisk /dev/sdX

Replace “X” with the letter of your disk. For example, if your disk is /dev/sda, run the following command:

sudo fdisk /dev/sda

Once you have opened the fdisk utility, follow the steps below:

1. Type “m” to view the help menu.

2. Type “n” to create a new partition.

3. Type “p” to create a primary partition.

4. Type the number of the partition you want to create, for example, “1”.

5. Type the beginning sector of the partition.

6. Type the size of the partition.

7. Type “w” to write the partition table to disk.

Step 3: Format the Partition to Ext4

Now that we have created a partition, we can format it to the Ext4 file system using the mkfs.ext4 command. This command creates an Ext4 file system on our partition.

To format the partition to Ext4, run the following command:

sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX1

Replace “X” with the letter of your disk, and “1” with the number of your partition. For example, if your disk is /dev/sda and your partition is /dev/sda1, run the following command:

sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1

Step 4: Mount the Partition

Finally, we need to mount the partition to our Linux system. Mounting a partition means making the partition accessible to the operating system by associating it with a mount point.

To mount the partition, create a directory that will serve as the mount point and then run the mount command. For example, to mount the partition to the /mnt/data directory, run the following commands:

sudo mkdir /mnt/data

sudo mount /dev/sdX1 /mnt/data

Replace “X” with the letter of your disk and “1” with the number of your partition.

Conclusion

In this guide, we have shown you how to create an Ext4 file system on Linux. By following the steps above, you can create an Ext4 file system on your disk and then mount it to your system. With this file system, you can store large amounts of data and enjoy the stability and speed that Linux provides.