掌握C语言，Oracle数据录入技巧（c oracle录入）

掌握C语言，Oracle数据录入技巧

C语言是一种高效且功能强大的编程语言，广泛用于操作系统、嵌入式系统和游戏开发等领域。而Oracle则是世界著名的关系型数据库，被广泛应用于企业级的数据管理与分析。

在许多实际应用中，我们需要将C语言程序中的数据录入到Oracle数据库中，以进行后续的数据分析和处理。本文将介绍一些掌握C语言和Oracle数据录入的技巧，帮助开发者更加高效地完成这项任务。

一、连接Oracle数据库

在C语言中，连接Oracle数据库需要用到OCI（Oracle Call Interface）库，该库提供了一些基本的函数和操作来实现与Oracle数据库的交互。以下是一个简单的连接Oracle数据库的示例代码：

#include 
#include 
#include 
int mn()
{
    OCIEnv* envhp;      // 环境句柄
    OCIServer* srvhp;   // 服务器句柄
    OCIError* errhp;    // 错误句柄
    sword status;       // 状态变量
    // 初始化OCI环境
    status = OCIEnvCreate(&envhp, OCI_THREADED, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to initialize OCI environment.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }

    // 分配错误句柄
    status = OCIHandleAlloc(envhp, (void**)&errhp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR, 0, NULL);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to allocate error handle.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }

    // 分配服务器句柄
    status = OCIHandleAlloc(envhp, (void**)&srvhp, OCI_HTYPE_SERVER, 0, NULL);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to allocate server handle.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }

    // 连接Oracle数据库
    status = OCIServerAttach(srvhp, errhp, (OraText*)"ORCL", 4, OCI_DEFAULT);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to connect to Oracle database.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }

    printf("Connected to Oracle database successfully.\n");

    // 释放资源
    OCIHandleFree(srvhp, OCI_HTYPE_SERVER);
    OCIHandleFree(errhp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR);
    OCIHandleFree(envhp, OCI_HTYPE_ENV);
    return 0;
}

上述代码中，我们通过OCIEnvCreate函数初始化了OCI环境，通过OCIHandleAlloc函数分别分配了错误句柄和服务器句柄，然后通过OCIServerAttach函数连接了名为“ORCL”的Oracle数据库。我们通过OCIHandleFree函数释放了所有的资源。

二、录入数据到Oracle数据库

连接Oracle数据库后，我们可以使用OCI库提供的函数来将数据录入到数据库中。以下是一个简单的示例代码，演示了如何录入一个包含名字和年龄的人物信息到Oracle数据库中：

#include 
#include 
#include 
int mn()
{
    OCIEnv* envhp;
    OCIServer* srvhp;
    OCIError* errhp;
    OCISession* usrhp;
    OCISvcCtx* svchp;
    OCIStmt* stmthp;
    sword status;

    char* name = "John";
    int age = 30;
    // 初始化OCI环境
    status = OCIEnvCreate(&envhp, OCI_THREADED, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to initialize OCI environment.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }

    // 分配错误句柄
    status = OCIHandleAlloc(envhp, (void**)&errhp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR, 0, NULL);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to allocate error handle.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }

    // 分配服务器句柄
    status = OCIHandleAlloc(envhp, (void**)&srvhp, OCI_HTYPE_SERVER, 0, NULL);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to allocate server handle.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }

    // 连接Oracle数据库
    status = OCIServerAttach(srvhp, errhp, (OraText*)"ORCL", 4, OCI_DEFAULT);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to connect to Oracle database.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }

    // 按照用户名和密码进行登录
    status = OCIHandleAlloc(envhp, (void**)&usrhp, OCI_HTYPE_SESSION, 0, NULL);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to allocate user authentication handle.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }

    // 设置用户名和密码
    status = OCIAttrSet(usrhp, OCI_HTYPE_SESSION, (void*)"scott", strlen("scott"),
                        OCI_ATTR_USERNAME, errhp);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to set username attribute.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }
    status = OCIAttrSet(usrhp, OCI_HTYPE_SESSION, (void*)"tiger", strlen("tiger"),
                        OCI_ATTR_PASSWORD, errhp);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to set password attribute.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }

    // 建立会话
    status = OCISessionBegin(svc, errhp, usrhp, OCI_CRED_RDBMS, OCI_DEFAULT);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to start session.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }

    // 建立服务上下文
    status = OCIHandleAlloc(envhp, (void**)&svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, 0, NULL);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to allocate service context handle.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }

    status = OCIAttrSet(svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, (void*)srvhp, 0,
                        OCI_ATTR_SERVER, errhp);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to set server attribute.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }

    status = OCIAttrSet(svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, (void*)usrhp, 0,
                        OCI_ATTR_SESSION, errhp);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to set session attribute.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }

    // 准备SQL语句
    char* sql = "INSERT INTO person (name, age) VALUES (:name, :age)";
    status = OCIHandleAlloc(envhp, (void**)&stmthp, OCI_HTYPE_STMT, 0, NULL);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to prepare SQL statement handle.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }
    status = OCIStmtPrepare(stmthp, errhp, (text*)sql, strlen(sql), OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, OCI_DEFAULT);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to prepare SQL statement.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }
    // 绑定参数
    OCIBind* bindhp_name;
    OCIBind* bindhp_age;
    ub4 name_len = strlen(name);
    ub4 age_len = sizeof(int);

    status = OCIBindByName(stmthp, &bindhp_name, errhp, (text*)":name",
                           strlen(":name"), (dvoid*)name, name_len + 1, SQLT_STR,
                           NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, OCI_DEFAULT);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to bind name parameter.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }
    status = OCIBindByName(stmthp, &bindhp_age, errhp, (text*)":age",
                           strlen(":age"), (dvoid*)&age, age_len, SQLT_INT,
                           NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, OCI_DEFAULT);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to bind age parameter.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }
    // 执行SQL语句
    status = OCIStmtExecute(svchp, stmthp, errhp, 1, 0, NULL, NULL,
                            OCI_DEFAULT);
    if (status != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Fled to execute SQL statement.\n");
        exit(EXIT_FLURE);
    }
    printf("Inserted data into Oracle database successfully.\n");

    // 释放资源
    OCIHandleFree(stmthp, OCI_H